Utilization of Bacillus circulans to improve the nutrient quality of rice straw biomass

Abstract

Rice straw was an agricultural by product that has potential to be used as forage for ruminant. Ammoniated is technology, commonly to improve the nutrient quality of rice straw. Adding microorganisms to improve the process of rice straw ammoniation could be applied. The aim of this study was to improve the quality of ammoniated rice straw by adding Bacillus circulans and to know the best concentration of B. circulans in ammoniation process. Completely Randomized Design with five treatments and four replications: 1) rice straw (control, RS); 2) ammoniated rice straw with 0% B. circulans (ARS); 3) ammoniated rice straw with 0.075% B. circulans (ARS 0.075): 4) ammoniated rice straw with 0.1% B. circulans (ARS 0.1) and 5) ammoniated rice straw with 0.125% B. circulans (ARS 0.125). Incubation process was applied for 21 days. Results showed that ammoniated rice straw with B. circullans had improved the quality of rice straw such as increased ammonia (NH3). Ammoniated rice straw with 0.1% B. circulans was the best treatment by increased organic matter (OM) and decreased Neutral Detergent Fiber (NDF) content. Added 0.1% B. circulans also increased crude protein (CP), RFV index and ammonia (NH3). Rice straw ammoniated by adding 0.1% B. circulans could improve nutrient quality and fiber utility of rice straw biomass.