Utilization of Airborne Topo-Bathymetric LiDAR Technology for Coastline Determination in Western Part of Java Island

Abstract

Indonesia is the largest archipelagic country consisting of 17,504 islands which have 99,093 km of coastline. From the total, approximately only 10% had mapped. The coastline is essential for several applications such as topographic height reference, a reference in the delimitation of the marine management area, coastal boundaries, etc. Law number 4 of 2011 (UUIG), in article 13 paragraph 2 concerning Geospatial Information, mentioned three types of coastlines, namely: (a) the lowest astronomical tide, (b) the highest astronomical tide, and (c) the mean sea level. The existing method for determining the coastlines is observing a tide gauge over a long period at several places, then densify the point height by levelling method. This method is less effective due to time, cost, and amount of sample points. This paper presents our experience on coastlines determination by extracting it from a digital terrain model (DTM). The Airborne Topo-Bathymetric LiDAR technology is utilized to provide DTM that covers land and seabed. The points cloud, which is the output of this technology, was transformed to the geoid and corrected by tidal datum before those three types of coastlines were determined and delineated. The Western Part of Java Island is a study area. The project covers 1,000 km of coastline. The DTM quality was validated using several independent check-points along the coastline and hundreds of shorelines transect points at two locations. The result shows that vertical accuracy within the decimeter level.