Abstract
Background and study aim:: The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS is a destructive disease ,which become a major out-break in the community affecting both adult and young people, causing not only ill-health but affect both the economy, and the psychology of the patient. The abdomen is the largest cavity in the body. Ultrasound is most cheap, available and non invasive tool that can be used in diagnosing abdominal diseases. The aim of the current study was to detect the ultrasonographic findings of prevalent non-specific abdominal abnormalities associated with AIDS. Patients and methods: 200 patients with confirmed positive HIV were scanned at the Voluntary and Counseling Testing Centre in Omdurman Teaching Hospital, Sudan. with an international scanning guideline and protocols for abdominal ultrasonography. A two ultrasound scanners (Shimadzu SDU-350XL and KIAXIN) were used for scanning. Results :The most affected age group was the 4th decade (36 %) which were in the active and product period and most of them (72%) were married. The most frequent abdominal ultrasonography findings were splenomegaly, enlarged lymph nodes, hepatomegaly and increased liver echogenicity (31.25%), (13.54%), (43.75%), (26.04%) respectively. The low frequent occurring were focal lesions in parenchymal of the organs and nephromegaly (1.04%), ascites (4.17%), portal hypertension (1.04%) and abscesses (1.04%). Conclusion : Abdominal ultrasonography revealed that (48.0%) of the patients developed abnormal abdominal findings supporting the use of abdominal ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool in AIDS.
Highlights
The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS is a retroviral disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus HIV and is characterized by the profound immuno suppression leading to opportunistic infections, secondary neoplasms, and neurologic manifestation [1,2]
In 2009, 33.3 million people were living with HIV worldwide, 2.6 million people newly infected with HIV worldwide, and 1.8 million people died of AIDS –related illness worldwide[4,5]
AIDS was most prevalent in the 4th decade or the most effected age group was between 31 - 40 years, this forms about (36 %)
Summary
AIDS has become a major health problem throughout the world. The world Health Organization WHO statistics showed that on 1st of July 1989 there were 167373 patients reported to have full blown AIDS. 95561 were in the United State of America USA, 29906 in Africa and 22708 in Europe It estimated that there are 5 million people in the world who are infected [3]. The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AIDS is a destructive disease ,which become a major out-break in the community affecting both adult and young people, causing ill-health but affect both the economy, and the psychology of the patient. Ultrasound is most cheap, available and non invasive tool that can be used in diagnosing abdominal diseases. Conclusion: Abdominal ultrasonography revealed that (48.0%) of the patients developed abnormal abdominal findings supporting the use of abdominal ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool in AIDS
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