Utilização de ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS) na prevenção de doenças cardiovasculares: um estudo de base populacional

Carolina Avila Vianna,David Alejandro González,Alicia Matijasevich

doi:10.1590/s0102-311x2012000600011

Abstract

The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of aspirin use in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil, from January to May 2010. The study had two outcomes: 1) aspirin use in primary prevention (individuals > 40 years of age with at least two risk factors: hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and/or hyperlipidemia) and 2) aspirin use in secondary prevention (history of stroke and/or angina/myocardial infarction). The outcomes were analyzed based on demographic, socioeconomic, and lifestyle variables. Prevalence of aspirin use was 24.8% for primary prevention and 34.3% for secondary prevention. In primary prevention, aspirin use was more common in non-whites and older individuals and among those with worse self-rated health. For secondary prevention, aspirin use was more frequent among older and higher-income individuals and former smokers. Prevalence of aspirin use was well below recommended levels for prevention of cardiovascular diseases.

Highlights

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), entre elas as doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), como o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) e o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) são a principal causa de morte e incapacidade prematura em muitos países, incluindo o Brasil 1
The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence of aspirin use in primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease
Aspirin use was more common in non-whites and older individuals and among those with worse self-rated health

Summary

Introduction

As doenças crônicas não transmissíveis (DCNT), entre elas as doenças cardiovasculares (DCV), como o infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM) e o acidente vascular cerebral (AVC) são a principal causa de morte e incapacidade prematura em muitos países, incluindo o Brasil 1. Estudos demonstraram que o uso de ácido acetilsalicílico (AAS), tanto na prevenção primária (pessoas com idade ≥ 40 anos com pelo menos dois fatores de risco: HAS, diabetes mellitus e/ou dislipidemia) 4 quanto na prevenção secundária (pacientes com história de AVC isquêmico, IAM e/ou com angina pectoris) 5,6, pode levar a uma importante redução de eventos cardiovasculares, que pode ser de até 40% 7.

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