Utility of the Arg/Gln polymorphism of the factor VII (FVII) gene, serum lipid levels and body mass index in the prediction of the FVII:C and FVII:Ag in North Karelia; a cross-sectional and prospective study

Abstract

The arginine/glutamine (Arg/Gln) polymorphism of the factor VII (FVII) gene is associated with variation in coagulation activity (FVII:C) and antigen concentration (FVII:Ag) of the FVII protein. We estimated frequency distributions of the Arg and Gln alleles and respective genotypes in North Karelia, and evaluated the utility of this polymorphism, serum lipids, and body mass index (BMI) in the prediction of the distributions of FVII:C and FVII:Ag in a cross-sectional study and in a prospective cohort study. The sample comprised 203 males and 262 females (aged 45-64 years) who were seen twice, in 1992 and 1995. The Arg/Arg genotype and the Arg allele frequencies were among the highest reported so far (86 and 93% respectively, in men; and 89 and 94% respectively, in women). Intragenotypic means of both FVII:C and FVII:Ag were significantly higher in the Arg/Arg genotype than in the Arg/Gln genotype in both genders. Also, intragenotypic variances were different in different genotypes in females. Regression relationships between the FVII:C and FVII:Ag and serum triglyceride, and total cholesterol levels and BMI were positive in both genotypes in both genders, which has not been found in other populations. In prospective analyses, average changes in the FVII:C and FVII:Ag were genotype specific in both genders, as were also regression relationships between these changes and changes in triglyceride level in females (P = 0.065 for FVII:C and P = 0.061 for FVII:Ag). A consequence of these complex genetic architectures is that predictive utility of the Arg/Gln genotypes depends on population, gender, serum lipid levels, and BMI, and changes in these factors over time.