Utility of spectral domain OCT in differentiating optic disc drusen from papilledema in children

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to test the diagnostic accuracy of optical coherence tomography (OCT) in differentiating optic disc drusen (ODD) from papilledema in children. Retrospective cross-sectional study at a tertiary-care pediatric hospital. Children with high-quality OCT imaging of ODD or papilledema. Quantitative OCT parameters and qualitative OCT features were compared for diagnostic accuracy. There were 41 eyes with ODD and 21 eyes with papilledema. Both the quantitative and qualitative OCT parameters showed highly statistically significant differences between ODD and papilledema (p ≤ 0.01 for all). For quantitative parameters (Bruch's membrane opening and retinal nerve fiber layer thicknesses), the area under the curve from the receiver operator curves ranged from 0.81 to 0.90. For qualitative parameters, the sensitivity for ODD ranged from 27% to 100% and specificity ranged from 67% to 100%. The presence of at least 1 of 3 qualitative OCT parameters (hyporeflective boot-shaped area, isolated/clustered hyperreflective bands, or signal-poor regions in the core) had a sensitivity of 90% and a specificity of 100% for ODD. Both quantitative and qualitative OCT parameters differed significantly between ODD and papilledema in this cohort of children. A combination of several qualitative OCT features had high sensitivity for ODD while effectively ruling out papilledema.