Abstract
Fast hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) determination is important for environmental risk and health-related considerations. We used a microbial fuel cell-based biosensor inoculated with a facultatively anaerobic, Cr(VI)-reducing, and exoelectrogenic Ochrobactrum anthropi YC152 to determine the Cr(VI) concentration in water. The results indicated that O. anthropi YC152 exhibited high adaptability to pH, temperature, salinity, and water quality under anaerobic conditions. The stable performance of the microbial fuel cell (MFC)-based biosensor indicated its potential as a reliable biosensor system. The MFC voltage decreased as the Cr(VI) concentration in the MFC increased. Two satisfactory linear relationships were observed between the Cr(VI) concentration and voltage output for various Cr(VI) concentration ranges (0.0125–0.3 mg/L and 0.3–5 mg/L). The MFC biosensor is a simple device that can accurately measure Cr(VI) concentrations in drinking water, groundwater, and electroplating wastewater in 45 min with low deviations (<10%). The use of the biosensor can help in preventing the violation of effluent regulations and the maximum allowable concentration of Cr(VI) in water. Thus, the developed MFC biosensor has potential as an early warning detection device for Cr(VI) determination even if O. anthropi YC152 is a possible opportunistic pathogen.
Highlights
Various industrial activities, such as steel production, leather tanning, agro-food production, wood preservation, and chemical manufacturing, generate wastewater containing Cr(VI) [1]
The halotolerant characteristics have been reported by Wang et al [34]. These results suggest that the microbial fuel cell (MFC) biosensor inoculated with O. anthropi YC152 has potential for measuring
These results suggest that the MFC biosensor inoculated with O. anthropi YC152 has potential for measuring Cr(VI) concentrations in seawater
Summary
Various industrial activities, such as steel production, leather tanning, agro-food production, wood preservation, and chemical manufacturing, generate wastewater containing Cr(VI) [1]. Chromium generally exists in water in the following two oxidation forms: hexavalent [Cr(VI)] and trivalent [Cr(III)]. The Cr(VI) concentration above a specific dose is toxic, mutagenic, and carcinogenic [2,3]. Compared with Cr(VI), Cr(III) is less toxic and can be more readily precipitated out of the solution in the form of Cr(OH) ; it is impermeable to biological membranes [4]. Cr(VI) is highly soluble and, mobile and biologically available in ecosystems. Authorities worldwide have stringent regulations for chromium species concentrations, especially Cr(VI).
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