Abstract
Limited work has previously been conducted into deterministic modeling of the 5 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">th</sup> Generation (5G) millimeter (mm)-wave wireless communications within geometrically non-uniform tunnels. This study predicts and analyzes broadband Multiple–Input Multiple–Output (MIMO) propagation in underground mine tunnels for 5G communications and beyond. At extremely short wavelength, each rugged and uneven surface of the tunnel is modelled as a group of diffracting rectangular prism wedges. A deterministic Ray-Tracing (RT) MIMO model is developed based on the Uniform Theory of Diffraction (UTD). All predicted MIMO sub-channels have been successfully fitted with the experimental measurements. MIMO multipath fading of underground tunnels are found to be lognormally distributed and strongly depends on the tunnel’s size and shape.
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