Abstract
Anaplasmosis is a disease caused by the bacterium Anaplasma marginale, transmitted mainly by ticks in cattle herds around the world, in addition to transmission by hematophagous and iatrogenic insects. In this work, the objective was to describe an outbreak of anaplasmosis in six adult dairy cattle in the region of Ijuí-RS, showing success in the clinical resolution for patients treated with enrofloxacin-based antimicrobial therapy. According to the anamnesis, the animals that had died on the property, had shown clinical signs such as: loss of appetite, jaundiced mucous membranes and on the other day the clinical condition worsened, until death. The animal seen in a veterinary consultation, showed the same clinical signs and the clinical examination, apathy, dehydration, pallor, jaundiced ocular, oral, nasal and vulvar mucous membranes, dehydration and hypersalivation. The main complaint for the consultation was the reluctance to eat, weight loss and decreased milk production, considering that the animal had already been treated for bovine parasitic sadness 2 days ago, with diminazene diaceturate and oxytetracycline. However, the diagnosis was confirmed by blood smear and the necropsy findings performed on another animal that died on the same property, with jaundiced mucous and serous, with an excessive increase in the size of the liver, spleen and gallbladder, as well as the presence of blood with an aqueous aspect and by the blood smear which resulted in the presence of bacteria of the genus Anaplasma. Antimicrobial therapy based on enrofloxacin associated with lactated ringer fluid therapy, blood transfusion, vitamins and organic modifier was instituted for the treatment of bovine patients. Due to other cases already reported in the region, it is believed that there are some strains of the bacteria Anaplasma marginale, which are resistant to oxytetracycline, thus, enrofloxacin appears as a new treatment alternative for dairy cattle with anaplasmosis, refractory to the use of oxytetracycline.
Highlights
V.14, n.5, a574, p.1-6, Mai., 2020 in the clinical resolution for patients treated with enrofloxacin-based antimicrobial therapy
A infecção de bovinos com A. marginale, causa a anaplasmose, devido á replicação do microrganismo nos eritrócitos
Em estudo realizado por Alberton et al (2015), com o intuito de testar a eficiência antimicrobiana do dipropionato de imidocarb, cloridrato de oxitetraciclina e enrofloxacina, observou que os três protocolos terapêuticos foram capazes de reduzir a infecção ao longo do tratamento, porém, após cinco dias de tratamento, a enrofloxacina apresentou maior efetividade para o tratamento em relação aos demais
Summary
Foi realizado atendimento clínico de uma fêmea bovina, da raça holandesa, com quatro anos de idade, pesando aproximadamente 550 kg, com escore de condição corporal 2,75 (escala 1 – 5, onde 1 muito magro e 5 obeso), em uma propriedade no interior do município de Ijuí, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O proprietário relatou que a vaca apresentava sinais clínicos semelhantes a outros seis animais que foram a óbito em sua propriedade, todos em um período de quatro meses. No mesmo dia do atendimento à fêmea bovina, veio à óbito outro animal nesta mesma propriedade, com quadro clínico semelhante. Sinais clínicos, exame de esfregaço sanguíneo e necropsia de outro animal na mesma propriedade com os mesmos sinais clínicos, confirmou-se o diagnóstico de anaplasmose na fêmea bovina. Por cinco dias após o tratamento, retornamos a propriedade e foi constatado a melhora clínica do paciente
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