Using XPS to Investigate FiberMatrix Chemical Interactions in Carbonfiberreinforced Composites

Abstract

With the uses of composites expanding into areas from aerospace to recreation, different matrices are being investigated to tailor the composites to specific uses. The degree of adhesion between the fiber and matrix has been recognized to be a critical factor in determining the performance of fiber-reinforced composites. Indirect analysis of the matrix/fiber interface is possible using model compounds which represent functional groups present in the matrix system. Model compounds based on epoxy, polyimide, polyphenylene sulfide and vinyl ester matrices have been investigated to characterize the chemical reactions at the fiber/matrix interface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to characterize both the carbon-fiber surfaces and the reacted carbon-fiber surfaces. The model compounds for the polyimide and polyphenylene sulfide matrices have been found to show little chemical interaction with the fiber surfaces, while chemical reactions have been observed in the vinyl ester and epoxy resin model compound/fiber interfaces. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.