Abstract
The waste generated from the process of steel shot blasting must be safely disposed of due to its classification, non-hazardous and non-inert, and, consequently, is sent to landfills. One of the possibilities for reusing this waste is in the cement materials industry. In this context, the aim of this study was to evaluate the addition of waste from steel shot blasting, thereby replacing natural sand, for the manufacture of cementitious material with properties that shield against ionizing radiation. Three forms of steel shot (commercial steel shot—AG1, intermediate steel shot waste—AG2, and steel shot dust—AG3) were used to replace natural sand in different proportions (0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% by volume). Compressive strength results were found with values above the minimum compressive strength (20 MPa) requirement of structural concrete. The results indicated that AG1, AG2, and AG3 can be used to attenuate X-ray radiation. Regarding the reference samples (mortar developed without natural sand replacement), an increase in X-ray shielding of 76.7%, 72.5%, and 59.3% was found for samples with AG1, AG2, and AG3, respectively. Therefore, the waste generated in the steel shot blasting process had the potential to be used in mortar developed to attenuate X-ray radiation.
Highlights
In the last years, due to industrial developments, technological advances, population growth, and, increased consumption, the uncontrolled exploitation of non-renewable resources, the increased energy consumption and the generation of a large volume of urban and industrial waste have been observed [1,2].Among the industries that generate waste is the metallurgical industry, which, in one of its activities, uses an abrasive called steel shot for the process of preparing the surfaces of metal structures, a process known as steel shot blasting
The material generated is called steel shot dust, which is a waste that NBR 10004 [3] classifies as class IIA—non-hazardous and non-inert
The results indicated that maximum gamma-ray attenuation was measured in the concrete with 100% steel shots, but the minimum gamma-ray attenuation was found in the concrete with 35% steel shots and 65% electric arc furnace slag aggregates
Summary
Due to industrial developments, technological advances, population growth, and, increased consumption, the uncontrolled exploitation of non-renewable resources, the increased energy consumption and the generation of a large volume of urban and industrial waste have been observed [1,2].Among the industries that generate waste is the metallurgical industry, which, in one of its activities, uses an abrasive called steel shot for the process of preparing the surfaces of metal structures, a process known as steel shot blasting. The material generated is called steel shot dust, which is a waste that NBR 10004 [3] classifies as class IIA—non-hazardous and non-inert (when not contaminated with paints, solvents, and other hazardous material). This waste needs to be properly disposed of, as set out in resolution number 313 of the National Environment Council [4] and in the National Solid Waste Policy as per Law 12,305 of 2010 [5]. The disposal used by the companies is based on sending the material to landfills and, when necessary, previous toxicity analyses are carried out and the toxic components are stabilized [6]
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