Using transparent insulation in solar energy applications

Abstract

SYNOPSIS A new technology is emerging from European initiatives which will bring about revolutionary changes in the building industry. A major use of recently developed transparent insulation materials is in the cladding of buildings [1]. The various high technology materials have excellent insulating qualities, while energy gains from solar radiation are also collected. Thus using transparent insulation becomes the most thermally efficient and cost effective construction method known today and can exceed the energy efficiency of conventional passive solar architecture by a wide margin. For the first time it will be possible to build a house which is completely solar heated. A brief historical review identifies the early ideas which were independently developed around the world and which have contributed to the birth of this new technology. The common elements of the different materials are identified and compared for thermal efficiency and cost effectiveness. One of the most promising systems is described in more detail. The question of how to avoid overheating by movable shading and the difficulties not yet solved by the promoters of transparent insulation are discussed. Applications of transparent insulation in the production of very efficient and high temperature flat plate collectors and the opportunities for outdoor storage and transport of oil or other viscous fluids are also outlined.