Using the ‘six thinking hats’ model of learning in a surgical nursing class: sharing the experience and student opinions

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of the study was to test the use of a creative teaching method in developing nursing students’ critical thinking skills The ‘six thinking hats’ model, which was developed by Edward DeBono in 1994, is a teaching method for developing creative thinking by presenting and systematising thoughts and suggestions within a specific structure. The six different hats (white, yellow, black, red, green, and blue) symbolise the thinking system. In this method the students are expected to change their perspectives symbolised by a colour at regular intervals. Setting: This study was conducted during the 2006‑2007 academic year at Gaziosmanpaşa University. Subjects: The research population was comprised of 41 students who were registered for the surgical nursing class in the Department of Nursing at Tokat School for Health Sciences. Purposive sampling was not undertaken for the study with the entire population of students targeted. Method: The ‘six thinking hats’ model was used in theoretical lessons about breast cancer, spinal cord trauma and transplantation nursing in a surgical nursing class. At the end of the theoretic section of the class, the students’ opinions were sought about the ‘sixthinking hats’ model of learning. Data were analysed with percentage and Chi square test reporting of the responses. Findings: The majority of the students stated that this method facilitated their empathising with the patient; sharing different ideas and opinions; considering the patient holistically; generating creative ideas; looking at an event from positive and negativeaspects; and developing their system of thinking. They recommended that this class be taught using this method. Conclusion: This study is important because it tested the use of a creative teaching method that is useful for the development of nursing students’ critical thinking skills. The study is also important because there are a limited number of references in the literature about the use of the ‘six thinking hats’ model of learning in university education, and only one in nursing education, and having this type of study in the nursing literature adds to the improvement and enrichment of nursing education.