Using the Scanning Electron Microscope for Discovery Based Learning in Undergraduate Courses

Abstract

Laboratory exercises incorporating a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) encourage undergraduate students to explore geologic concepts and methods. A variable pressure (VP) SEM, with attached Energy Dispersive Spectrometer (EDS) and Electron Backscatter Diffractometer (EBSD), has been used in introductory, mineralogy, petrology and structural geology courses to examine sand morphology, quantify mineral chemistry, estimate the temperature of metamorphism, identify microfossils, and pursue student-designed research questions. Student response to using the SEM has been overwhelmingly positive. The undergraduate students, regardless of course level, tend to master the basics of operating the SEM quickly. After a half hour (or so), most students feel confident enough to take control of the SEM and use it to answer questions, or test ideas. Laboratory exercises are designed to allow students some freedom to pursue their own ideas and hypotheses within the framework of a broader geologic question or concept.