Abstract
Cod cannibalism in the central Baltic is estimated by the Multi-Species VPA (MSVPA) Model. By using the corresponding Multi-Species Forward (MSFOR) Projection Model, Ricker curve relationships were found for the relationship between cod spawning stock biomass (SSB) and recruitment of 1-, 2-, and 3-year-old cod, assuming that recruitment of 0-year-old cod was proportional to the SSB. It is argued that a proportional relationship between 0-year-old cod and SSB was the most simple and biological reasonable assumption for central Baltic cod, unless the SSB was extremely large. The SSB level that gave the highest number of recruits at age three was 500 000 t, and this value was independent of the assumed proportionality factor between recruitment of 0-year old cod and SSB. The proportionality factor changed from year to year and this was postulated to be environmentally driven. Independent of the environmental conditions in a given year, the maximum recruitment of age three cod was obtained at SSB values of 500 000 t. This finding has important fisheries management implications. Cannibalism is an important self-regulatory mechanism in the central Baltic cod stock. ? 1995 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea
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