Using the associative method of studying the text during university classes in literary disciplines

Abstract

The article deals with the productive possibilities of the associative method of studying a literary text at university classes in literary disciplines. The student's creative thinking is characterized by the ability to generate new and sometimes unexpected semantic connections. Creative thinking largely depends on the so-called associative flexibility. There are several areas in the university teaching of literary studies in which the associative method of studying the text is effective. These are areas determined by the specifics of the type of artistic thinking, the specifics of a particular genre, and the individual manner of the writer. The method of developing associative thinking is important in the study of lyrical prose, where the specific weight of subtextual semantic nuances is high. Another area of literary studies in which an associative method of understanding a text is appropriate is the study of irony, including parody as ironic stylization. The very process of laughable reinterpretation of a foreign word implies the presence of a potential arsenal of situational associative references. At the same time, classes in literary studies use not only literary texts that are part of the main body of Russian literature, but also the range of phenomena that belongs to the so-called creative laboratory of the writer: writer's diaries, notebooks, work records, epistolary heritage. The method of associative study of the text can be used in the course of classes on practical poetics, where students comprehend all the complexities of the artistic form of a literary work. Using the associative method of studying a literary text helps to better understand the nature of the dialogical interaction between the writer and the reader, because a literary work is nothing more than a replica in the ongoing communication between the author and the recipient of his creation. This communication has its own hidden languages. A literary work can be called a meaning-intensive space of meeting and touching the associative fields of the writer and the reader. The educational tasks that can be solved by the associative method of learning are diverse. This technology helps to effectively assimilate special terminology; understand internal system connections in a literary text; establish significant connections between a specific literary phenomenon and the historical and literary context, cultural epoch; form and enrich connections between a specific writer's manner (stylistic originality) and the national Fund of the Russian language; identify cross-references between a specific literary phenomenon and the national cultural code; to determine the balance of traditional and innovative in relation to a specific literary text.