Abstract
Swedish municipalities use negotiable developer obligations and public land development in sustainability-profiled districts to achieve various public sustainability objectives. They initiate and govern these districts, which act as models for sustainable urban development and testbeds for new sustainability-related policies, using municipally owned land. Public land development in Sweden enables municipalities to include sustainability-oriented negotiable developer obligations in development agreements. The aim of the study is to investigate how Swedish municipalities use sustainability-oriented negotiable developer obligations together with public land development, and to identify what public value outcomes they currently seek to create by using these public value capture instruments. Sustainability-oriented negotiable developer obligations are investigated in relation to municipalities’ desired public value outcomes in five sustainability-profiled district developments in different Swedish municipalities. Findings illustrate that Swedish municipalities use negotiable developer obligations to create ecological, social and cultural, political, and economic public value outcomes. This calls for more research investigating different forms of value and value creation in relation to public value capture instruments.
Highlights
Academic Editors: Public land development is often seen as a source of revenue for municipalities [1].It is defined as a process in which public authorities produce building plots, using land they acquire and own, and transfer them to building developers [2]
Contributions have been made to the ongoing discussion about developer obligations as public value capture instruments (e.g., [6,16,17,18]) by exploring the current use of sustainability-oriented negotiable developer obligations (NDOs) in Sweden
Contributions have been made to the literature on public land development by presenting cases that illustrate its use in sustainabilityprofiled district developments, as well as presenting more cases from the Swedish context
Summary
Academic Editors: Public land development is often seen as a source of revenue for municipalities [1].It is defined as a process in which public authorities produce building plots, using land they acquire and own, and transfer them to building developers [2]. Academic Editors: Public land development is often seen as a source of revenue for municipalities [1]. According to Munoz Gielen and van der Krabben [6], public urban infrastructure includes climate adaptation and mitigation, affordable and social housing, as well as roads, public spaces and public facilities. Another public value capture instrument used to finance such public urban infrastructure is negotiable developer obligations (NDOs) [7], which is receiving more attention as relying on private financing is becoming more common [6]. In Sweden, municipalities sometimes combine the use of these public value capture instruments to drive sustainable development, a practice investigated in this paper
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