Using Phase Change Materials (PCM) to Reduce Energy Consumption in Buildings

Abstract

The article discusses the use of phase change materials (PCM) to enhance thermal energy storage (TES) in residential buildings. The building sector consumes a significant amount of energy, and energy efficiency is crucial in reducing overall energy consumption. PCM has emerged as a promising approach to decrease energy consumption for space cooling and heating in buildings. The article uses DesignBuilder software to evaluate the energy consumption of a residential building. EnergyPlus is the calculation method used by DesignBuilder. The researchers considered a baseline dwelling house located in Moscow and used EnergyPlus, a simulation tool, to analyze the performance of building components integrated with PCM to reduce energy consumption while maintaining a comfortable indoor temperature. The study used the one-dimensional finite difference conductivity (CondFD) algorithm in EnergyPlus to simulate a building element with PCM. Using BioPCM M91/Q23 can significantly reduce heating and cooling costs. The article concludes that integrating PCM into building components can improve indoor thermal comfort, reduce energy demand for heating and cooling, and enhance occupant comfort. The use of PCM has the potential to mitigate the effects of outdoor temperature changes on indoor thermal comfort, making it a cost-effective and clean energy-saving material.