Abstract
espanolEl aguara guazu es una especie de canido sudamericano que se considera clave en el Cerrado. Se realizo un estudio genetico de varios individuos de aguara guazu que habitan en un pequeno fragmento del Cerrado de Brasil. Se colectaron 84 muestras fecales durante un ano y se incluyeron tambien dos muestras de tejidos de animales atropellados. Se determinaron la especie, el sexo y los individuos mediante marcadores moleculares. Asimismo, se identificaron 13 individuos mediante la amplificacion de loci de microsatelites, de los cuales ocho eran hembras y cinco, machos. El grado de variabilidad genetica observado y el elevado numero de individuos detectados indican la presencia de una poblacion abierta. EnglishThe maned wolf is a South American canid considered a keystone species of the Cerrado. We performed a genetic assessment of maned wolves that inhabit a small remnant fragment of the Cerrado in Brazil. We collected 84 fecal samples over a year and also included two tissue samples from road–killed animals. We successfully identified the species, sex, and individuals using molecular markers. Using microsatellite loci analysis we identified 13 different individuals, eight females and five males. The genetic variability level found and the high number of individuals detected indicates the presence of an open population.
Highlights
The maned wolf is the keystone canid species of the Brazilian Cerrado, the largest and richest tropical savanna in the world, and one of the most threatened biomes in South America (Klink and Machado, 2005)
We identified 58 fecal samples as being from maned wolves and we determined the presence of three D– loop haplotypes previously described in other maned wolf populations from Brazil (González et al, 2015b)
We found that maned wolves in the Ecológica de Itirapina (EEI) have moderate levels of mitochondrial genetic diversity and high levels of nuclear genetic diversity
Summary
The maned wolf is the keystone canid species of the Brazilian Cerrado, the largest and richest tropical savanna in the world, and one of the most threatened biomes in South America (Klink and Machado, 2005). The Cerrado is considered 'the central range of this species', and has lost approximately 50 % of its native vegetation (Klink and Machado, 2005). In this scenario, fragmented and isolated protected areas are too small for their long–term viability (Do Passo Ramalho et al, 2014; Lion et al, 2011). Only two studies of maned wolves have been carried out to monitor population size and genetic diversity at a local scale in these protected areas (Do Passo Ramalho et al, 2014; Lion et al, 2011). Habitat loss and fragmentation could lead to a rapid and dramatic decline if maned wolves are unable to disperse from one Cerrado patch to another
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