Using mechanical spectroscopies to study the glass transition dynamics in unsaturated polyester resins cured with different styrene contents

Abstract

The control of chemical architecture has been one relevant parameter in the study of glass transition dynamics in macromolecular systems. In this study, two polyester resins differing in the styrene content that was added in the curing process were studied using two complementary mechanical spectroscopy techniques: dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermally stimulated recovery (TSR). Both techniques showed that the α-relaxation is shifted to higher temperatures (longer times) with increasing styrene content. Master curves were obtained from the DMA data. The shift factors were used to obtain the temperature dependence of the apparent activation energy, Ea(T). The TSR results also permitted to obtain Ea(T) that also exhibited a maximum around Tg. This behaviour, apparently universally observed in thermally stimulated techniques, was explained by the shift from a Vogel-Fulcher-Tamman-Hesse to an Arrhenius regime. The data also allowed to calculate the fragility index of the two materials, which was found to be higher for the one with higher styrene content. Remarks are made on the dependency of the values of this parameter obtained from different techniques.