Using lactic acid bacteria and packaging with grapefruit seed extract for controlling Listeria monocytogenes growth in fresh soft cheese

Abstract

Various cheese products are involved in outbreaks of listeriosis worldwide due to high consumption and prolonged refrigerated storage. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of using lactic acid bacteria and packaging with grapefruit seed extract (GSE) for controlling Listeria monocytogenes growth in soft cheese. Leuconostoc mesenteroides and Lactobacillus curvatus isolated from kimchi were used as a starter culture to make a soft cheese, which was inoculated with a cocktail strain of L. monocytogenes. The soft cheese was packed with low-density polyethylene, biodegradable polybutylene adipate-co-terephthalate (PBAT), low-density polyethylene with GSE, or PBAT with GSE and stored at 10°C and 15°C. Leuconostoc mesenteroides (LcM) better inhibited the growth of L. monocytogenes than Lb. curvatus. The PBAT with GSE film showed the best control for the growth of L. monocytogenes. When both LcM and PBAT with GSE were applied to the soft cheese, the growth of L. monocytogenes was inhibited significantly more than the use of LcM or PBAT with GSE alone. In all test groups, water activity, pH, and moisture on a fat-free basis decreased, and titratable acidity increased compared with the control group. These results suggest that LcM isolated from kimchi and PBAT with GSE packaging film can be used as a hurdle technology to lower the risk of L. monocytogenes in soft cheese at the retail market.