Abstract
Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is a geophysical method that is seeing increasing use for near-surface underground research and applications. To achieve the required depth and accuracy for the GPR measurement of underground structures, the effects of certain data acquisition and interpolation parameters should be considered. These parameters include antenna frequency, sample length, profile interval, trace interval, sampling interval and resolution of the mesh of grid. For example, when the profile interval is large, underground structures may not be identified with sufficient accuracy. By contrast, selecting a narrower profile interval will increase the accuracy but will also increase the acquisition cost and processing time. The main objective of this study is to determine the optimal profile and trace intervals and the optimal mesh of grid by analyzing the interpolation-induced effects of different profile and trace intervals and different meshes of grid on the measured geometry of underground structures. Within the defined objective, an analysis procedure is proposed. This procedure determines the optimal profile and trace intervals to scan the search area by GPR at the data acquisition phase and the optimal mesh of grid to visualize the underground structures with high accuracy at the data processing phase. Proposed procedure was tested on the synthetic and real data. According to the main findings, the users are suggested to use the optimal profile interval 0.25m and trace interval 0.04m to acquire the data from the search area and the optimal mesh of grid (0.025×0.01) m2 to visualize the underground structures with high accuracy and with optimum acquisition cost and processing time. Obtained results showed that the determined optimal profile and trace intervals and mesh of grid exert positive effects about 5% for similarity and 21% for error when determining and visualizing the geometry of underground structures.
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