Abstract
Information on the ground fissures induced by coal mining is important to the safety of coal mine production and the management of environment in the mining area. In order to identify these fissures timely and accurately, a new method was proposed in the present paper, which is based on an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with a visible light camera and an infrared camera. According to such equipment, edge detection technology was used to detect mining-induced ground fissures. Field experiments show high efficiency of the UAV in monitoring the mining-induced ground fissures. Furthermore, a reasonable time period between 3:00 am and 5:00 am under the studied conditions helps UAV infrared remote sensing identify fissures preferably. The Roberts operator, Sobel operator, Prewitt operator, Canny operator and Laplacian operator were tested to detect the fissures in the visible image, infrared image and fused image. An improved edge detection method was proposed which based on the Laplacian of Gaussian, Canny and mathematical morphology operators. The peak signal-to-noise rate, effective edge rate, Pratt’s figure of merit and F-measure indicated that the proposed method was superior to the other methods. In addition, the fissures in infrared images at different times can be accurately detected by the proposed method except at 7:00 am, 1:00 pm and 3:00 pm.
Highlights
It’s important to collect the information on mining-induced ground fissures quickly, timely and accurately for the safety of coal mine production and comprehensive management of the environment in the mining area
In order to obtain infrared images and visible images of mining-induced ground fissures, the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) equipped with an infrared camera and a visible light camera was used to observe the fissures in spring
Compared with the fissure detection results of the infrared image, since the white boxes used to mark the ground fissure is incorporated into the fused image, more false edges are observed in the detection results
Summary
It’s important to collect the information on mining-induced ground fissures quickly, timely and accurately for the safety of coal mine production and comprehensive management of the environment in the mining area. While it is notable that, InSAR/SAR and 3D laser scanning have high operating costs and long data acquisition cycles. Compared to these techniques, the monitoring technology of a UAV equipped with a digital compact camera has higher image resolution, more flexible maneuverability, higher efficiency, and lower operating costs. The monitoring technology of a UAV equipped with a digital compact camera has higher image resolution, more flexible maneuverability, higher efficiency, and lower operating costs These images can be influenced by severe conditions, such as bad weather and night environment, limited studies have been carried out to monitor mining-induced ground fissures by UAV equipped infrared camera.
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