Using Hybrid ARIMAX-ANN Model for Simulating Rainfall - Runoff - Sediment Process Case Study

Abstract

The need for accurate modeling of rainfall-runoff-sediment processes has grown rapidly in the past decades. This study investigates the efficiency of black-box models including Artificial Neural Network (ANN) and Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average with eXogenous input (ARIMAX) models for forecasting the rainfall-runoff-sediment process. According to the complex behavior of the rainfall-runoff-sediment time series, they include both linear and nonlinear components; therefore, employing a hybrid model which combines the advantages of both linear and non-linear models improves the accuracy of prediction. In this paper, a hybrid of ARIMAX-ANN model is applied to rainfall-runoff-sediment modeling of a watershed. At the first step of the hybrid modeling, the ARIMAX method is applied to forecast the linear component of the rainfall-runoff process and then in the second step, an ANN model is used to find the non-linear relationship among the residuals of the fitted linear ARIMAX model. Finally, total effective time series of runoff, obtained by the hybrid ARIMAX-ANN model are imposed as input to the proposed ANN model for prediction daily suspended sediment load of the watershed. The proposed model is more appropriate, as it uses the semi-linear relation for prediction of sediment load.