Abstract

In an attempt to better understand the interactional relationship between humans and operational systems, HSYS was developed. The HSYS methodology provides a systematic process for analyzing Human- SYStem interactions in complex operational settings. HSYS focuses on system interactions from the human's perspective and is built around a linear model of human performance, termed the Input-Action model. According to the model, all human actions involve, to varying degrees, five sequential steps: Input Detection, Input Understanding, Action Selection, Action Planning, and Action Execution. Based on the Input-Action model, a series of flowcharts, supported by detailed “topical modules,” have been developed to analyze each of the five main components in depth. During initial validation efforts, the HSYS methodology was used to analyze 28 accidents which occurred in the offshore petroleum industry from 1980 — 1989. Although numerous factors contributed to the various accident sequences examined, one frequently identified problem was a lack of situational awareness by crew members either immediately preceding the accident or during the actual accident sequence itself. A major contributor to this lack of awareness was inadequate input detection, caused by either inadequate input recognition, inadequate input discrimination, or inadequate attention. In most instances, the root causes for these inabilities were associated with inadequate sensor/display arrays and/or poor human-machine interface design and engineering.

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