Using hematological markers to assess the anti-inflammatoryeffects of selected dietary components

Abstract

In recent years, there has been increasing interest in hematologic markers such as plateletto-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and systemic immuneinflammationindex (SII). These parameters are simple markers for assessing inflammation,calculated from peripheral blood counts, and can be predictive of many chronic diseases,including cancer and cardiovascular diseases. These indicators also provide predictive value to prognosis after surgical interventions and further survival among patients. Nutrition canplay an important role in the development or reduction of inflammation. Dietary elements withanti-inflammatory properties include omega-3 fatty acids and polyphenols. These componentsare an important preventive element against civilization diseases and the basis for nonpharmacologicaltreatment. The research presented in this paper provides evidence of theeffectiveness of using hematological indicators in assessing the anti-inflammatory potentialof the diet. A growing number of scientific studies confirm the association between nutrition,inflammation, and various diseases. It was also emphasized that a key element would be topersonalize the diet through its matching to each patient's phenotype. Implementation of theinflammatory markers described in this paper into clinical practice would enhance the panel oflaboratory tests. We would also like to draw attention to the need to establish reference valuesfor inflammatory markers in order to correctly interpret their levels. Undoubtedly, it would alsobe beneficial to establish multidisciplinary therapeutic groups, consisting of, among others,a medical doctor of the relevant specialization, a laboratory diagnostician, and a dietician, toprovide comprehensive patient care, taking into account not only traditional pharmacologicaltherapy but also non-pharmacological treatment.