Using ginger supplement in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy improves metabolic and periodontal parameters in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and chronic periodontitis: A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Abstract

BackgroundThe objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ginger supplementation in adjunct with non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) on metabolic and periodontal parameters in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) and chronic periodontitis (CP). Material and methodsIn this double-blind clinical trial study, 50 T2DM patients with CP were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups and received either 2 g ginger or placebo (4 tablets) twice a day for 8 weeks. All subjects underwent NSPT during the intervention period. Fasting blood glucose (FBG), glycosylated hemoglobin levels (HbA1c), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (CHOL), high-density (HDL-c) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c) cholesterol, very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL-c), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), malondialdehyde (MDA), clinical attachment loss (CAL), pocket depth (PD), plaque index and bleeding on probing (BOP) were measured in all subjects at baseline and post-intervention ResultsA significant reduction (P < 0.05) was observed in the mean levels of HbA1c, FBG, MDA, CAL, and PD in the intervention group post-intervention. There were no significant differences found in the mean levels of TG, CHOL, LDL-C, VLDL, TAC, plaque, and BOP in intervention group post-intervention. The mean serum levels of HDL was significantly increased in the intervention group post-intervention (P < 0.05). There were significant differences observed in the mean changes of HbA1c (-0.75 ± 1.17 vs -0.16 ± 0.44; P = 0.04), HDL (3.95 ± 8.54 vs -0.76 ± 5.04; P = 0.03), CAL (-0.57 ± 0.50 vs -0.14 ± 0.35; P = 0.003) and PD (-0.52 ± 0.51 vs - 0.19 ± 0.51; P = 0.04) between intervention and control groups after the intervention. ConclusionIt is recommended that ginger supplementation together with NSPT may be effective in control of the glycemic, lipid, antioxidant and periodontal status in T2DM with CP.