Abstract

Robben Island has a number of significant overlapping physical, social, cultural, and political landscapes. The island has been invested with iconic status due to the fact that it was used as the notorious political prison by the apartheid regime in South Africa. After the first democratic elections, the island was officially opened as a national museum in 1997 and in 1999 it was listed as a World Heritage Site. This paper evaluates the initial phase of the Robben Island project using the identified key indicators of the ecomuseum ideal, which has its origins in France in the early 1970s. The ecomuseum movement has challenged many traditional approaches to museum and heritage management internationally, as the new Robben Island Museum has done in South Africa.

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