Abstract
Routing services for outdoor areas are omnipresent and also three-dimensional (3D) visualization is quite common within this area. Recent research efforts are now trying to adapt well known outdoor routing services to complex indoor environments. However, most of the current indoor routing systems only focus on two-dimensional visualization, thus only one level can be depicted. Especially multi-level routes therefore lack visualization. Also, most of the (few) existing 3D indoor routing services utilize proprietary software or plugins, thus a widespread accessibility for those services by using common computers or mobile devices is not feasible. Therefore this paper describes the development of a web-based 3D routing system based on a new HTML extension. The visualization of rooms as well as the computed routes is realized with XML3D. Since this emerging technology is based on WebGL and will likely be integrated into the HTML5 standard, the developed system is already compatible with most common browsers such as Google Chrome or Firefox. Another key difference of the approach presented in this paper is that all utilized data is actually crowdsourced geodata from OpenStreetMap (OSM). Such data is collaboratively collected by both amateurs and professionals and can be used at no charge under the Open Data Commons Open Database License (ODbL). Our research combines user-generated geo content of the Web 2.0 with future Internet technology for the provision of a ubiquitously accessible 3D indoor routing application.
Highlights
With the increasing size and complexity of public buildings or institutions, such as universities, hotels, airports or office buildings, there is an increasing need for mature indoor location based services (Indoor LBS), such as indoor maps or indoor routing [1]
The aim of the work presented within this paper can be summarized as: (1) to demonstrate the powerful application of crowdsourced geodata from OSM for the creation of (3D) indoor LBS; and (2) to present a web-based 3D routing system and its advantages in the context of urban environments by using future Internet technology
Besides those research-motivated indoor routing systems, there are some web-based indoor maps developed by global companies such as Google Indoor Maps [2], NAVTEQ Destination Map [4], or Bing Maps Venue maps [3], but these only utilize two-dimensional data for the visualization
Summary
With the increasing size and complexity of public buildings or institutions, such as universities, hotels, airports or office buildings, there is an increasing need for mature indoor location based services (Indoor LBS), such as indoor maps or indoor routing [1]. For OSM there is a very detailed IndoorOSM mapping proposal available [13], which initially originated from research on the demands and requirements of crowdsourced indoor geodata [14]. The main contribution of this paper is the development of a web-based 3D application, capable of both visualization of building interiors as well as computing and depicting (multi-level) routes inside a building. The aim of the work presented within this paper can be summarized as: (1) to demonstrate the powerful application of crowdsourced geodata from OSM for the creation of (3D) indoor LBS; and (2) to present a web-based 3D routing system and its advantages in the context of urban environments by using future Internet technology.
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