Abstract
Genetic erosion refers to the loss of genetic variation in a crop. In China, only a few original landraces of rice (Oryza sativa) were used in breeding and these became the primary genetic background of modern varieties. Expanding the genetic diversity among Chinese rice varieties and cultivating high-yielding and high-quality varieties with resistance to different biotic and abiotic stresses is critical. Here, we used the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein9(Cas9) genome editing system to edit Semi-Dwarf1 (SD1) in the elite landraces Kasalath and TeTePu (TTP), which contain many desired agronomic traits such as tolerance to low phosphorous and broad-spectrum resistance to several diseases and insects. Mutations of SD1 confer shorter plant height for better resistance to lodging. Field trials demonstrated that the yield of the new Kasalath and TTP mutant lines was better than that of the wild type under modern cultivation and that the lines maintained the same desirable agronomic characteristics as their wild-type progenitors. Our results showed that breeding using available landraces in combination with genomic data of different landraces and gene-editing techniques is an effective way to relieve genetic erosion in modern rice varieties.
Highlights
Genetic erosion was proposed by Harlan[1] in 1975 to describe the genetic resources after the Green revolution, which involved directional selection of semi-dwarf genes in crop plants
Www.nature.com/scientificreports in new lines with a semi-dwarf plant architecture, which is desired in modern rice varieties, and maintained most of the desired agronomic traits of their progenitors
We show that using gene editing on available landraces can rapidly increase genetic diversity and produce new varieties that satisfy current production requirements
Summary
Genetic erosion was proposed by Harlan[1] in 1975 to describe the genetic resources after the Green revolution, which involved directional selection of semi-dwarf genes in crop plants. Www.nature.com/scientificreports in new lines with a semi-dwarf plant architecture, which is desired in modern rice varieties, and maintained most of the desired agronomic traits of their progenitors.
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