Abstract
The American Cancer Society expected to diagnose 276,480 new cases of invasive breast cancer in the USA and 48,530 new cases of noninvasive breast cancer among women in 2020. Early detection of breast cancer, followed by appropriate treatment, can reduce the risk of death from this disease. DL through CNN can assist imaging specialists in classifying the mammograms accurately. Accurate classification of mammograms using CNN needs a well-trained CNN by a large number of labeled mammograms. Unfortunately, a large number of labeled mammograms are not always available. In this study, a novel procedure to aid imaging specialists in detecting normal and abnormal mammograms has been proposed. The procedure supplied the designed CNN with a cheat sheet for some classical attributes extracted from the ROI and an extra number of labeled mammograms through data augmentation. The cheat sheet aided the CNN through encoding easy-to-recognize artificial patterns in the mammogram before passing it to the CNN, and the data augmentation supported the CNN with more labeled data points. Fifteen runs of 4 different modified datasets taken from the MIAS dataset were conducted and analyzed. The results showed that the cheat sheet, along with data augmentation, enhanced CNN's accuracy by at least 12.2% and enhanced the precision of the CNN by at least 2.2. The mean accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity obtained using the proposed procedure were 92.1, 91.4, and 96.8, respectively, while the average area under the ROC curve was 94.9.
Highlights
Breast cancer is the second cancer-related cause of deaths among women worldwide [1]
Computer-Aided Diagnosis (CAD) systems for breast cancer detection and diagnosis using mammograms can help in reducing the pressure on breast imaging specialists by assisting them in classifying mammograms into normal or abnormal mammograms
We proposed a novel procedure to aid the imaging specialists in detecting normal and abnormal mammograms
Summary
Breast cancer is the second cancer-related cause of deaths among women worldwide [1] It occurs when abnormal cells grow in an uncontrolled manner causing proliferation of the abnormal cells. Death rates have been steady in younger women since 2007 They have continued to decrease in older women since 2013 thanks to a combination of factors such as enhancing early detection capabilities through screening, increasing awareness, and improving treatments. This reduction in rates comes at the expense of increasing the demand for breast imaging specialists. Data augmentation can help in this respect by generating artificial data
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More From: Computational and mathematical methods in medicine
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