Using Convolutional Neural Network to Redress Outliers in Clustering Based Side-Channel Analysis on Cryptosystem

Abstract

Blockchain, designed with cryptographic technology, is widely used in the financial area, such as digital billing and cross-border payments. Digital signature is the core technology in it. However, digital signatures in public key cryptosystems face the threat of simple power analysis in Side-Channel Analysis (SCA). The state-of-the-art simple power analysis based on clustering mostly will appear outliers in the process of analysis, which will reduce success rate of key recover. In this paper, we propose a new SCA method with clustering algorithm Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) and deep learning technology Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), called DBSCAN-CNN, to analyze public key cryptosystems. We cluster data with DBSCAN firstly. Then we train a CNN model based on the trusted clustering results. Finally, we classify the outliers of clustering results by the trained model. We mount the proposed method to analyze an FPGA-based elliptic curve scalar multiplication power trace which is desynchronized by simulating random delay. The experimental results show that the error rate of the proposed method is at least $$69.23\%$$ lower than that of the classical clustering method in SCA.