Abstract
Hand preference is one of the most apparent functional asymmetry in humans. Under contralateral control, performance is more proficient with the preferred hand; however, the difference between the two hands is greater in right handers, considering left handers generally display less cerebral lateralization. One method of evaluating hand preference is Bishop’s card reaching task; however, information regarding validity and sensitivity with children in limited. This study assessed the relationship between Bishop’s card reaching task and five hand preference tasks in 8- to 10-year-old typically-developing children from the Czech Republic (N = 376). Structural equation modelling identified a one factor model as the most suitable, including Bishop’s card reaching task and three hand preference tasks (ringing, throwing, and rolling with dice). The factor validity (.89) and sensitivity of Bishop’s card reaching task (90% to 97%) provided a very good identification of hand preference. These results support the suitability of Bishop’s card reaching task as a separate test for determining hand preference in children. Accordingly, we suggest that the assessment of handedness, particularly in neurodevelopmental disorders where the proportion of right-handers and left-handers is disrupted (e.g., children with DCD or ADHD), should make use of Bishop’s card reaching task alongside other unimanual tasks.
Highlights
Handedness represents the most apparent and studied functional asymmetry in humans [1]
It has since been observed that the left hemisphere is stereotypically responsible for language and motor skills, and the right hemisphere is responsible for processing visuospatial
Findings from the current study revealed that Bishop’s card reaching task displayed a significant relationship with the latent variable “hand preference” and previously verified unimanual tasks
Summary
Handedness represents the most apparent and studied functional asymmetry in humans [1]. The left hemisphere is responsible for right hand function, and the right hemisphere for left hand function [2, 3]. Our understanding of cerebral lateralization dates back to the work of Paul Broca, who observed the effects of left hemisphere lesions in the posterior part of the third frontal convolution in right handers. Broca proposed that cerebral control for speech was specific to one hemisphere, and mirrored an individual’s handedness [4, 5]. It has since been observed that the left hemisphere is stereotypically responsible for language and motor skills, and the right hemisphere is responsible for processing visuospatial.
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