Abstract
Magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials are considered to be one of the most promising solid-state hydrogen storage materials due to their large hydrogen storage capacity and low cost. However, slow hydrogen absorption/desorption rate and excessive hydrogen absorption/desorption temperature limit the application of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials. The present paper reviews recent progress in improving the hydrogen storage properties by element substitution and additives. Ball milling is the promising technology for preparing magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials. The research and development of approaches for modifying magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials prepared by ball milling is systematically expounded. It is concluded that ball milling can significantly improve the kinetic and electrochemical properties of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials and increase the hydrogen storage capacity. In the future, the research of magnesium-based hydrogen storage materials should be developed in terms of hydrogen storage mechanism, computer design of materials and development of a more optimized catalytic system.
Highlights
IntroductionAs a very important functional material, hydrogen storage materials play an irreplaceable role in the field of secondary energy, especially in the research of fuel cells and rechargeable batteries
As a very important functional material, hydrogen storage materials play an irreplaceable role in the field of secondary energy, especially in the research of fuel cells and rechargeable batteries.The study of hydrogen storage materials is directly related to the application of electric vehicles, and has an important impact in submarines, spacecraft and other applications
Two possibilities explaining the effect of Cu additives on the hydrogen storage capacity of Mg were considered: (1) Since the atomic radius of Cu is larger than Ni, the substitution of Ni with Cu leads to decrease in the material density, the volume expansion ratio after hydrogen absorption, and thereby the hydrogen storage capacity; (2) The production of new phase Cu11 Mg10 Ni9 reduces the formation of hydrogen absorption phase Mg2 Ni
Summary
As a very important functional material, hydrogen storage materials play an irreplaceable role in the field of secondary energy, especially in the research of fuel cells and rechargeable batteries. Ball milling preparation and nanocomposite are one of the main ways to improve the hydrogen absorption/desorption properties of magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys. This is due to the fact that ball milling introduces a large number of defects and grain boundaries in magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys. Magnesium-based hydrogen storage alloys prepared by ball milling are usually nano-size multiphase system, a large number of interfaces in which and the above-mentioned defects and grain boundaries provide significant channels for the diffusion of hydrogen atoms between grains. We presume this paper can assist in better understanding of MgH2 , and shape perspectives for further research
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