Using artificial neural networks for solving chemical problems: Part II. Kohonen self-organising feature maps and Hopfield networks

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This second part of a Tutorial on neural networks focuses on the Kohonen self-organising feature map and the Hopfield network. First a theoretical description of each type is given. The practical issues concerning applications of the networks are then discussed. For each network, a description is given of the types of problems which can be tackled by the specific neural network, followed by a protocol for the development of the neural network system. It is seen that different neural networks are suited for different kinds of problems. Guidelines to avoid common difficulties in using neural networks are also given.