Uses and abuses of development media theory in sub-Saharan Africa: critique of a quasi-descriptive/prescriptive theory

Abstract

African media are caught in a dilemma of role definition. It functions both as part of the sub- and the super-structure, without enjoying the benefit of either. It is also seen as a precursor of nation-building in developing countries. Mass media systems in sub-Saharan Africa display problems of technology transfer, while media practitioners and policy makers are yet to invent an appropriate philosophy to articulate the medias role. This article explains why the dream of a virile press expected to deliver rapid development to Africa remains an illusion. It identifies the functions and dysfunctions of the theory, as well as its use and abuse by journalists and governments. It shows that journalistic practice in sub-Saharan Africa suffers from the dislocation between its mass media system and other socio-political institutions. The article recommends a theoretical refinement that is both deductive and inductive in approach in order to accommodate the present realities and future prospects towards a more functional media for development.