Abstract
While the performance of sports facilities such as swimming pools is crucial to the health, safety and enjoyment of pool users, little research has been conducted to explore how to analytically evaluate the holistic performance of such facilities from the users' perspective. Even an evaluation framework portraying the key performance attributes of swimming pools is yet to be available. Recognising this research gap, this study aims to adopt a user-centric approach to evaluate the performance of swimming pools and a multi-stage study was initiated. After a thorough literature review, a performance attribute hierarchy for swimming pools was established through a focus group study and then two surveys, covering four swimming pools and 103 pool users interviewed, were conducted in Hong Kong. Analysing the responses using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method illustrates that the building services (i.e. utilitarian) aspect of swimming pools is more important than the architectural counterpart, and survey participants cared more about the performance attributes inside water than those outside. This study's novelty lies in that it adopted the user-centric approach, which can differentiate between the relative importance of different swimming pool components and prioritize resources for their maintenance and management. The evaluation framework as well as the findings of the study provides facilities managers with important benchmark criteria for optimising the performance of these sports facilities. In the long run, this study contributes to enabling the project stakeholders to conduct evidence-based decision making over the life cycle of sport facilities development and management.
Highlights
Research reveals that users’ perception of the physical environment created within sports facilities affect users’ attitude and behaviours related to sport activities [28]
One criterion for setting the sample frame was that the targeted survey re spondents should have recent experience of using swimming pools, which is to guarantee the validity of their opinion
The swimming pool users were invited to participate in the survey on a voluntary basis; where the study’s purpose was introduced to them prior to seeking their informed consent to participate in the survey [66]
Summary
Research reveals that users’ perception of the physical environment created within sports facilities affect users’ attitude and behaviours related to sport activities [28]. Sport marketing and facilities management researchers proffer that users’ satisfaction of sports facilities is an important research agenda that influences the strategic planning and design of these facil ities [34]. A user-centric research approach has emerged, which incorporates the principles from human factors and ergonomics to create and adapt a human-made environment to suit individual users within sports facilities [28,41]. In the higher education sector, understanding users’ perception of university facilities is quintessen tially important because it affects campus asset management strategies, physical and mental health/well-being of facilities users, and long-term environmental sustainability of the institution [65].
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