Abstract
Many user localization technologies and methods have been proposed for either indoor or outdoor environments. However, each technology has its own drawbacks. Recently, many researches and designs have been proposed to build a combination of multiple localization technologies system which can provide higher precision results and solve the limitation in each localization technology alone. In this paper, a conceptual design of a general localization platform using combination of multiple localization technologies is introduced. The combination is realized by dividing spaces into grid points. To demonstrate this platform, a system with GPS, RFID, WiFi, and pedometer technologies is established. Experiment results show that the accuracy and availability are improved in comparison with each technology individually.
Highlights
For the last few years, the definition of intelligent environments has been introduced [1] and many researches have been following this direction
Among the most used technologies are GPS, RFID, other methods based on WiFi, camera, accelerometer, microphones, and so forth [4]
GPS is not good with indoor environments when the number of visible satellites is reduced because of walls; WiFi positioning is only suitable for user localization with low precision because of its accuracy varying from few meters to tens of meters; RFID, a proximity scheme, is limited in a small range since RFID readers cannot be installed at every location
Summary
For the last few years, the definition of intelligent environments has been introduced [1] and many researches have been following this direction. In order to overcome the limitations in each technology and provide better results in both precision and availability characteristics, a remarkable number of researches combining multiple localization technologies have been proposed. Pfeifer [5] introduced a design to extract results from localization technologies as useful information in real time It lacked ideas and algorithms about how those results should be fused and analysed to produce better results. Other few hybrid systems showed improvements in precision, but these systems depended on specific technologies and lacked availability characteristics, such as RFID, WiFi, and camera [8]. None of those researches proposed a general approach or fusing algorithm to combine highly heterogeneous technologies.
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