User experiences of an AI application for predicting risk of sexually transmitted infections.

Abstract

Awareness of one's individual risk of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a necessary precursor to engagement with prevention strategies and sexual health care. Web-based sexual health applications may improve engagement in sexual health prevention and care by providing individualised and evidence-based sexual health information. The STARTOnline (Supporting Timely and Appropriate Review and Treatment Online) study sought the views of sexual health service users on three web-based sexual health applications to better understand their usefulness, acceptability and accessibility. This paper reports the views and experiences of users of one of the applications called MySTIRisk. MySTIRisk estimates the risk of three common STIs and HIV using data from attendees of a metropolitan sexual health service. This study used a bespoke qualitative design, informed by a developmental evaluation approach. Melbourne Sexual Health Centre clinic attendees' views were sought using semi-structured interviews conducted between October 2023 and January 2024 via videoconferencing, telephone and on site at the clinic. Data was analysed using qualitative data analysis methods. A diverse group of 14 participants described an ideal pathway to better sexual health outcomes that might be facilitated by use of the MySTIRisk application, particularly for individuals with limited sexual health knowledge, or affected by stigma and geographical barriers. This pathway was described as: 1) being concerned about my sexual health; 2) checking my STI risk easily and privately; 3) understanding and trusting the result; and 4) deciding how to look after my health. Factors that might influence this pathway were also described, including areas for improvement in accessibility and acceptability. These findings support the role of web-based sexual health applications in facilitating access to sexual health education and behavioural change and underscore the importance of codesign approaches in improving their uptake and impact.