Abstract
Closed static chambers are frequently adopted for estimating gas fluxes across environmental interfaces. In this study we assessed the effects of three gas sampling rates and two methods of chamber placement in fertirrigated soils for estimating nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, using chambers with similar design and on-site gas chromatography. The soils under analysis were fertirrigated with (liquid) digested swine manure at three different doses. The results indicate that N2O flux estimates are firmly determined by the chosen sampling rate, chamber placement, chamber design, and the emission magnitude itself. N2O fluxes were best estimated by faster sampling rates while gently placing the chamber at the soil surface due to conspicuous N2O emissions and relatively small chamber volume. A generalized chamber accumulation model developed by normalizing the dataset was used to illustrate effects on expected “low unforced-chamber”, “high unforced-chamber” and “high forced-chamber” fluxes. We concluded that it is possible to adopt simple design and low-disturbing chambers with sufficient volume, height, and surface area for determining gaseous emissions across soil-air interfaces. Nevertheless, critical on-site gas sampling rate adjustment (by gas chromatography or other as precise real-time measuring device) is critical to avoid estimation inaccuracies in emission estimates.
Highlights
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas with an assigned Global Warming Potential three decades greater (298) than that of carbon dioxide, in a 100-year time horizon (Forster et al, 2007)
In this study we assessed the effects of three gas sampling rates and two methods of chamber placement in fertirrigated soils for estimating nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, using chambers with similar design and on-site gas chromatography
The results indicate that N2O flux estimates are firmly determined by the chosen sampling rate, chamber placement, chamber design, and the emission magnitude itself
Summary
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a powerful greenhouse gas with an assigned Global Warming Potential three decades greater (298) than that of carbon dioxide, in a 100-year time horizon (Forster et al, 2007). A practical strategy from the point of view of sustainability is the integration of livestock systems to agriculture in the same landscape, converting environmental externalities (manure) into renewable energy, which is useful to improve nutrient cycling and economic profitability for agroecosystems. From this perspective, the most promising approach is the anaerobic biodigestion that provides biogas and liquid fertilizer rich in macro and micronutrients We further derive a logistic generalized model adjusted to a normalized dataset to improve the understanding of user effects on chamber deployments, allowing minimization of inaccuracies in N2O flux estimates through statistical regression models
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