Abstract
In the rapid development of wireless communications, femtocells provide tremendous improvement in coverage and quality of service for users. Macro-femto based networks are envisioned to be the de-facto solution for providing ultra-high speed communications in next-generation mobile wireless networks. This paper studies two-tier macro-femto networks and proposes a collection of novel technologies to address the interference problems. First, a novel user association scheme is proposed that aims to optimize the load among femto base stations (FBSs). Second, a near-optimal ergodic search algorithm is proposed to regulate the power consumption at macro base stations (MBSs) and improve energy efficiency. Third, a channel access mechanism is proposed for FBSs that aims to minimize inter-tier interference. For the proposed system, CDF of SINR is derived and used for performance investigation. Simulation results show that the proposed system can significantly outperform a popular, conventional cognitive radio-based system for all the considered simulation scenarios.
Highlights
The telecommunication industry has seen an explosion in a variety of applications and services; such as network gaming, video streaming and social networking as a days these have become part of peoples’ life
A near-optimal ergodic search algorithm is developed to regulate the power consumption at Macro base stations (MBSs) and improve energy efficiency by turning-off MBSs whose load can be transferred to Femto base stations (FBSs) in accordance with the optimization constraints
We have considered fixed number of Femtocells that are randomly located within a given region and user equipment (UE) are allocated within the radius of Femtocell
Summary
The telecommunication industry has seen an explosion in a variety of applications and services; such as network gaming, video streaming and social networking as a days these have become part of peoples’ life. This paper investigates the opportunity of offloading to Femtocells via user association rules to meet these requirements of future networks It articulates on computing the communications efficiency of two-tier networks by means of cumulative distribution function (CDF) of users’ signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR). Description Independent spatial Poisson point process (PPP) distribution FBS density per unit area Radius for a circular region of network service Area of the network service FBS transmit power MBS transmit power Small scale fading (SSF) coefficients of the channel Path loss exponent Additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) Bandwidth of the system Set of turned on BSs Number of active UEs Design metric in regard to the regulated power consumption at MBS Traffic load density Energy efficiency decider for idle and active states Network load density Degree of load balancing BS density vector Probability vector Signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR) Shannon capacity Channel detection threshold The separation of a user from its linked BS The existence probability of the BSs in the distance D in the context of Ω Cummulative distribution function (CDF) in the context of Ω and D Probability density function (PDF) of Ω Coverage probability Probability mass function (PMF) for the random variable X CDF for the random variable X Conditional CDF (CCDF) of SINR using PDF of Ω Overall CDF of the network using the PMF of the utilised channels and CCDF of SINR for a user
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