Usefulness of resveratrol supplementation in decreasing cardiometabolic risk factors comparing subjects with metabolic syndrome and healthy subjects with or without obesity: meta-analysis using multinational, randomised, controlled trials.

Abstract

IntroductionResveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenolic compound, has been linked to some beneficial effects against cardiovascular disease (CVD).Material and methodsWe conducted a systematic search to conduct a meta-analysis on cardiometabolic risk factors modulated by RES targeting patients with metabolic syndrome (Met-S) and Obese/Healthy (O/H) subjects. The PICO (Patient, Intervention, Comparison, Outcome) research question was: Does RES among patients with Met-S and O/H subjects reduce the cardiometabolic risk? The first group was affected with MetS, which is defined as a clustering of abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia, hyperglycaemia, and hypertension in a single individual. The second group was composed of ‘obese/healthy’ individuals, i.e. healthy subjects with or without obesity. We performed a literature search of MEDLINE/ PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar for randomised, controlled trials (RCT) that estimated the effects of RES on cardiometabolic risk factors.ResultsWe found 780 articles, of which 63 original articles and reviews were identified. Data from 17 well-conducted RCT studies, comprising 651 subjects, were extracted for analysis. Overall, RES had a significant influence on Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR), resulting in a mean difference of –0.520665 (95% CI: –1.12791; –0.01439; p = 0.00113). In Met-S, RES significantly reduced glucose, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), and total cholesterol (T-Chol) as detected by the mean difference of –1.069 (95% CI: –2.107, –0.032; p = 0.043), –0.924 (95% CI: –1.804, –0.043; p = 0.040), and –1.246 (95% CI: –2.314, –0.178; p = 0.022), respectively.ConclusionsDespite some heterogeneity in the populations, RES supplementation seems to improve cardiometabolic health, decreasing some risk factors (HOMA-IR, LDL-C, and T-Chol) associated with CVD.