Use of ZIF-8-derived nanoporous carbon as the adsorbent for the solid phase extraction of carbamate pesticides prior to high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis

Abstract

In this work, a chemically and thermally robust and highly porous zeolite-type metal–organic framework, zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), was used as both a precursor and a template and furfuryl alcohol as a second precursor to synthesize a nanoporous carbon. The prepared ZIF-8-derived nanoporous carbon was used as the solid-phase extraction adsorbent for the extraction of carbamate pesticides from cabbage and water samples. The adsorbed analytes were eluted with acetonitrile for the determination by high performance liquid chromatography–ultraviolet detection. The high surface area, high porosity, good stability and fast adsorption/desorption kinetics of the material enabled it to have a high adsorption capacity and good adsorption performance. Under optimum conditions, good linearity for the analytes in the range of 0.5–100ngg−1 and 0.05–20ngmL−1 existed for cabbage and water samples with the correlation coefficients of 0.9968–0.9980 and 0.9990–0.9995, respectively. The limits of detection (S/N=3) for the analytes were in the range of 0.25–0.1ngg−1 and 0.01–0.02ngmL−1 for the cabbage and water samples, respectively. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) for intra-day and the inter-day determinations of the analytes were below 7.0% and 12.5%, respectively.