Use of Uterine and Ovarian Arteries Doppler Parameters for the Prediction of Infertility in Females

Abstract

Background: In the context of fertility, Doppler sonography is used to evaluate the blood flow to the uterus and ovaries. The blood flow to these organs plays a crucial role in the process of ovulation, fertilization, and implantation of the fertilized egg. Changes in the Doppler sonographic indices of the uterine and ovarian arteries can provide information about the blood flow to these organs and can help identify potential problems that may be affecting fertility. Objective: To evaluate the Doppler indices of uterine and ovarian arteries in fertile and infertile women and help clinicians develop more effective diagnostic and treatment strategies for infertility. Methodology: A cross-sectional Analytical study was conducted for a duration of 9 months at a Medics Dr. Amers, Lahore, Pakistan. The study included 150 fertile and 150 infertile females aged 18-45 and excluded all females using oral contraceptive and contraceptive devices. SPSS software version 25 was used to analyze the data. Results: Age of participants ranged between 19 to 43 years with a mean + SD age of 28 + 6.5 years. The mean + SD RI and PI of left ovarian artery was 0.48 + 0.03 and 1.1 + 0.13 in the fertile, 0.9 + 0.03 and 4.2 + 1.2 in the infertile group. The mean + SD RI and PI of right ovarian artery was 0.60 + 0.03 and 1.6 + 0.06 in the fertile, 0.8 + 0.01 and 3.0 + 0.4 in theinfertile group (Table 1) Overall, results shows that the four variables are significantly different between fertile and infertile groups, with higher values in the infertile group. Independent sample test showed statistical significance between RI and PI of right ovarian artery of both groups (P < 0.05). However, in left ovarian artery the values of PI in both groups showed a significance (P< 0.05) were as values RI are found to be insignificant (P > 0.05). Independent sample test showed statistical significance between RI and PI of right and left uterine artery of both groups (P < 0.05). The mean + SD endometrial thickness in fertile group was 11.0 + 2.6 mm it was 9 + 1.6 mm in infertile group (Table 3). Indicating a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Uterine and Ovarian artery hemodynamics plays an important role in fertility. Findings from this study revealed that a high RI and PI and thin endometrium significantly affects fertility. Key words: Resistive index, Pulsatility index, Infertility, Uterine artery, Ovarian artery.