Abstract
Shock Waves (SW) are acoustic disturbances that propagate through a medium carrying the energy. These specific sonic pulses are composed of two phases—high positive pressure, a rise time < 10 ns, and a tensile wave. Originally Shock Waves were introduced to clinical practice as a part of the lithotripsy therapy focused on disrupting calcific deposits in the body. Since that time, shock wave therapy (SWT) has gone far beyond the original application related to the destruction of kidney stones. In this narrative Review, we present basic clinical applications of the SWT along with the potential therapeutic application in clinical practice.
Highlights
Shock Waves (SW) are sonic pulses with unique physical properties—high positive pressure, a rise time < 10 ns, and a tensile wave
Wang et al [36,37] suggest that application of Extracorporeally Shock Wave Therapy (ESWT) caused an increasing number of neo-vessels as well as enhanced release growth and neovascularization markers including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), eNOS, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), and the bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2)
Conducted a randomized clinical trial, which suggests that ESWT can have a long-term impact on reducing chronic low back pain and may lead to significant improvement in the postural sway in patients with Low back pain (LBP) compared with standard core stability training
Summary
Shock Waves (SW) are sonic pulses with unique physical properties—high positive pressure, a rise time < 10 ns, and a tensile wave. They were applied in clinical practice as lithotripsy to break up and disrupt calcific deposits in the body [1]. They were used for the first time in 1980 in Germany (Munich) for minimally invasive treatment of kidney stones. Due to numerous studies focused on Shock Waves, new therapeutic applications are being discovered and enrolled in clinical practice. This paper aims to review the most common clinical applications, including rapidly developing SW-based coronary interventions, as well as focusing on and summarizing potential fundamental molecular mechanisms responsible for the clinical effect
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