Use of the of the least action principle for development of technological machine actuating mechanism

Abstract

Any human activity is determined by the action of the fundamental laws of nature and its principles, including the universal law of nature, which is based on the principle of the least action. A number of researchers inter-pret the manifestation of this universal law of nature in economics as the principle of saving energy and time, ac-cording to which, any economic decision is evaluated using energy indicators. This principle concerns the results of human creativity in development of new technological machines, regulates the process of creating new technol-ogies and can significantly increase their effectiveness. After all, the principle of the least action determines the optimal functioning of any system, including the technical one, which is a technological machine. In the analysis of the actuators of technological machines, where there is a spatial movement of material objects, they use the equation of physics that describes the laws of change in the speed of movement of material flows, the conditions for their continuous operation, the pressure is formed, and so on. It means that the "action" is quantified. And the less actions performed by a technological machine to obtain a given result of a technological process there are, the more perfect it is. Guided by the definition of an action in the form of Maupertuis-Lagrange as the accumulat-ed doubled kinetic energy for a period of time or a change in position, a technique is proposed for a comparative assessment of the perfection of executive mechanisms of machines. And the smaller the action indicator is, the more solidly executed and more efficient the structure and design of the machine are, the more competitive it is, of other comparable conditions. The testing of the proposed methodology using several types of drilling technological machines as an example confirmed the reliability and appropriateness of application in assessing the perfection of machinery mechanisms. In particular, comparisons of models of a three-piston mud pump (older and newer high-tech production) and a technical drill string rotation system (rotary drilling system and drilling using a mod-ern top drive system) showed a high degree of improvement of new technological equipment. This proposed meth-odology to determine a single indicator of improvement of the actuating mechanisms of machines by the principle of the least action, complements and makes more multi-dimensional and reliable multi-criteria assessment of the mechanism, prospects and development trends of the class and type of technological machines under consideration.