USE OF THE NAME "UKRAINE" IN THE OFFICIAL CORRESPONDENCE OF THE HETMAN I. MAZEPA AND HIS RESPONDENTS (1700–1709)

Abstract

The purpose of the article is to highlight the use of the name "Ukraine" in the official epistolary of Hetman Ivan Mazepa in the context of his relations with the governments of the Moscow Kingdom, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Kingdom of Sweden, as well as in the context of internal political relations in the Zaporozhian Army. Methodological approaches consist in the study of these historical problems through the prism of conceptual history and are revealed by the author of the article using the diachronic semantic method in the direction of historical and linguistic analysis of lexemes with the words "Ukraine" and "Ukrainian" used in written discourse during 1700 – 1709. Scientific novelty. It is proved that, given the events of the Great Northern War of 1700 – 1721, the government of the Zaporozhian Army not only took an active part in it, but also conducted extensive correspondence with the warring parties. In this interesting diplomatic communication between Baturyn, Warsaw, Moscow, and Stockholm, the name "Ukraine" was repeatedly used. The conclusions of historians on the study of the texts of international and domestic political epistolaries of Hetman I. Mazepa are supplemented. Conclusions. It has been determined that in the texts of treaties and diplomacy of the Hetman's government with its foreign policy allies and enemies during the studied historical period, the polytonym "Ukraine" was repeatedly used as a synonymous conceptual name of the state of the Zaporozhian Army. This polytonym was used by the Hetman's government in the correspondence of the Zaporozhian Army with the Polish-Lithuanian Common-wealth, the Muscovy, and the Kingdom of Sweden to mark the territory that was under the rule of Hetman I. Mazepa during the second half of the seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, and before that, his predecessors in the hetman's office. At the same time, in the royal chancelleries of Warsaw, Moscow and Stockholm, diplomatic acts used official conceptual phrases with the words "Ukraine" and "Ukrainian" agreed with the Hetman's government of the Zaporozhian Army, such as: "Ukrainian fortresses", "Ukrainian borders", "Ukrainian liberty", "defend Ukraine", "whole Ukraine", "present-day Ukraine", etc. Other semantic constructions that appeared with the words "Ukraine" and "Ukrainian" in the official discourse of Eastern and Northern Europe in 1700-1709 are also studied.