Use of the Malleus Handle as a Landmark for Localizing the round Window Membrane

Abstract

Localization of the round window membrane is desirable in order to allow a more direct application of medication to the inner ear. A new procedure has been developed to deliver direct, near-continuous inner ear perfusion to the round window with the Silverstein MicroWick. In this office procedure, the wick is inserted through a tympanostomy tube into the round window niche. Accurate localization of the round window is a necessary component of this procedure. In an effort to ascertain the precise location of the round window, we examined 25 cadaveric human temporal bones and measured the distance from the umbo to the round window in each sample. We found that the round window was an average of 3.44 mm (+/- 0.68) from the umbo and was situated at an average angle of 113.2 degrees (+/- 9.8) from the long process of the malleus. Our simple and reliable determination of the relationship between the malleus handle and the round window niche allows for the accurate placement of the Silverstein MicroWick and other devices.