Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in building smart cities based on the Internet of Things (IoT) technology. However, selecting a low-cost IoT wireless technology that enables low-power connectivity remains one of the key challenges in integrating IoT to smart cities. In this context, the IQRF technology offers promising opportunities to provide cost-effective solutions. Yet, in the literature, there are limited studies on utilizing IQRF technology for smart city applications. Therefore, this study is aimed at increasing the awareness about the use of IQRF technology in IoT-based smart city development. For this purpose, a review of smart city architectures along with challenges/requirements in adopting IoT for smart cities is provided. Then, some of the common cost-effective IoT wireless technologies that enable low-power consumption are briefly presented. Next, the benefits of IQRF technology over other technologies are discussed by making theoretical comparisons based on technical documentations and reports. Moreover, the research efforts currently being undertaken by the authors as a part of ongoing project on the development of IoT-based smart city system in Gjovik Municipality, Norway, are conceptually introduced. Finally, the future research directions are addressed.
Highlights
In the last two centuries, there was an unprecedented human migration from the rural areas toward the cities
AN ALTERNATIVE LOW-COST Internet of Things (IoT) WIRELESS TECHNOLOGY: IQRF In addition to technologies mentioned in the previous section, IQRF technology, which has recently developed for wireless connectivity, offers low-cost wireless solutions for smart cities
To increase the awareness about IQRF technology for smart city development, this study provides a whole picture regarding the current low-cost wireless technologies for IoT in smart cities as well as the benefits of IQRF over these technologies based on theoretical comparisons
Summary
In the last two centuries, there was an unprecedented human migration from the rural areas toward the cities. Practical implementations of the concept around the world have been described, and research challenges have been discussed As mentioned in these studies, common requirements for IoT devices in a typical smart city application are associated with wide coverage, low power consumption, and low cost. Many studies have been concentrated on providing an architecture for a smart city development, the main purpose of the efforts remains the same This is related to offer efficient smart services to citizens with low operational cost. LOW-COST IoT WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES FOR SMART CITIES A smart city based on IoT concept is expected to include several numbers of devices in the network. As the network architecture is designed to service large number of end devices (nodes), its deployment is simple and cost-effective Nowadays, it has employed in many IoT implementations for smart cities [13], [14]
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