Abstract
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Liviidae), is the vector of the pathogen, Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus that causes Huanglongbing (HLB) or citrus greening disease, the serious threats to citrus industry worldwide. The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of the entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) Beauveria bassiana (Hyphomycetes: Moniliales) and Isaria fumosorosea (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in controlling the adult citrus psyllid of D. citri under laboratory and semi-field conditions. Bioassays were performed by exposing the adults to the EPF at the concentration of (1 × 108 conidia/ml). The results showed that both EPF had the potential to control the adult citrus psyllid, giving 64–74% mortality rate in the laboratory and 61–72% under semi-filed conditions. These results support the use of both EPF as effective biopesticides for integrated management of the Asian citrus psyllid, D. citri.
Highlights
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is an economically important insect pest of citrus that disperses throughout the citrus growing regions, including tropical and subtropical Asia, Middle East, Central America, South America, Mexico, and Brazil (Grafton-Cardwell et al 2006; Hall et al 2012)
The objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), Beauveria bassiana and Isaria fumosorosea, against adult citrus psyllid, D. citri, under laboratory and semi-field conditions
Sampling of D. citri Stem tap samplings of the psyllid population were obtained from two mature Citrus reticulata orchards: the first (5 ha) was selected from Citrus Research Institute (CRI), 32°06′45.0′′N 72°40′53.2′′E, and the second (2 ha) from research area at College of Agriculture (CA), 32°07′ 48.5′′N 72°41′08.1′′E, University of Sargodha, Pakistan
Summary
The Asian citrus psyllid (ACP), Diaphorina citri Kuwayama (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is an economically important insect pest of citrus that disperses throughout the citrus growing regions, including tropical and subtropical Asia, Middle East, Central America, South America, Mexico, and Brazil (Grafton-Cardwell et al 2006; Hall et al 2012) It attacks young flushes of citrus and can attack the stressed citrus trees, if the population is high (Hussain et al 2018). The insecticides’ applications are expected to increase the selection pressure for resistant psyllid population; residual effects on fruits and disruption of the natural enemies associated with the pest (Tiwari et al 2011) To minimize these risks, there is a need to develop a sustainable management technique for both the vector and HLB disease. Metarhizium anisopliae (Metschn.) is very effective that has a wide range of hosts (de la Cruz et al 2013)
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